urban violence in ethiopia

Trott C.D, Harman J.J, Kaufman M.R. Disclosure bias for group versus individual reporting of violence amongst conflict-affected adolescent girls in DRC and Ethiopia. She sold her cows and began buying jerry cans because water from the nearby river had become toxic. violence as a trigger for urban violence The now largely accepted argument that deprivation is itself a form of violence gained prominence with John Galtung’s (1991) work on “struc- The second factor is land. Women and Migration 53 6.2. There is a deep well of anger in the suburbs and countryside around the Ethiopian capital. New housing estates were pelted with stones, cars and petrol stations were set alight. Both of these women indicated that their status as mothers has made it difficult to break free. He leaves behind three daughters, the youngest a month old. “If you take 50 hotels in the city, only three are owned by Oromos,” alleges the owner of a juice bar in Adama, the second-largest city in Oromia. IDP community in Batu, Oromia, Ethiopia. Ethiopia urban population for 2018 was 22,678,295, a 4.94% increase from 2017. As towns expanded they attracted settlers from Ethiopia’s northern highlands, who spoke Amharic and dominated urban commerce and the state bureaucracy. pic.twitter.com/RQZC0J11SO, — Somalia Latest News (@NaziifAbdullahi) June 30, 2020. The second chapter situates domestic violence in the context of Ethiopia and South Africa. Ethiopia urban population for 2019 was 23,788,710, a 4.9% increase from 2018. However, the connection between the two is not yet well investigated. A local human rights watchdog says Ethiopian security officers used "highly questionable" force. Ethiopia has shown that in the face of seemingly insurmountable urban pressures it is possible for even a very poor country to take radical steps. There have been growing reports of prevailing crimes in Jenila district of Harar city. Sexual violence is also reportedly common. The latest bout was triggered by national politics: many Oromos saw Hachalu’s murder as an attack on the Oromo opposition movement. “Our fathers lost their land, so we have nothing to inherit,” says Tsige’s son Betemariam. ■, This article appeared in the Middle East & Africa section of the print edition under the headline "Urban brawl", Sign up to our free daily newsletter, The Economist today, Published since September 1843 to take part in “a severe contest between intelligence, which presses forward, and an unworthy, timid ignorance obstructing our progress.”. In doing so it introduced the notion of ethnic ownership of cities and towns. Ethiopia urban population for 2016 was 20,581,872, a 5.06% increase from 2015. Ethiopia’s domestic politics have produced violence and continuing tension over the past two years. 2. Towns across the vast region of Oromia, which surrounds Addis Ababa, were similarly ravaged. There were widespread attacks on minorities, notably Amharas, the largest ethnic group after the Oromo. “At the core this is about the concentration of economic power and opportunity in urban areas,” says Eshetayehu Kinfu of Hawassa University near Shashamene. Résidence Palace International Press Centre, Brussels. ( Log Out /  16. An added sore is that public housing built on land that belonged to Oromo farmers was typically given to more prosperous city-dwellers. Old tensions are exacerbated by two factors in modern Ethiopian politics. The system also hardened perceptions of non-indigenous folk as alien settlers. Several years ago the Ethiopian authorities confiscated almost all of it to build public housing for residents of Addis Ababa, the capital. Post was not sent - check your email addresses! 5.4. Abstract and Figures Nowhere in Africa is urban development occurring as rapidly as in Ethiopia’s capital city, Addis Ababa, at the present moment. Hotels, businesses and homes were destroyed or damaged. Establishing cities sometimes involved the eviction of those already on the land, including the Oromo clans who lived on ground that was taken for Addis Ababa. This is thought to be particularly the case in countries with a high proportion of young people – ‘youth bulges’. As many as 78 people have been killed in ethnically motivated clashes in the Oromia region, Harari region and the city of Dire Dawa in the past week, the Ethiopian government confirmed Thursday. ... who are often tasked with gathering water, are at an increased risk of sexual- and gender-based violence as … Many southern towns began as imperial garrisons after the conquests of Emperor Menelik II, an Amhara, in the late 19th century. In Ethiopia there is a great degree of stigma attached to children who are raised without a father figure. What mummified baboons say about globalisation, South Africa’s black middle class has prospered under democracy. HIV is a highly prevalent sexual health problem in Ethiopia. Much of central Shashamene, a booming entrepot some 200km south, was burned to the ground. 1. Although the constitution guarantees free land to farmers, in practice farmers and poor folk in cities have few legal protections from eviction, says Logan Cochrane, also of Hawassa University. This perception may further aggravate tensions. 2016. Gender Based Violence 54 6.3.1 Interpersonal Violence 54 6.3.2 Domestic Violence 55 … Ethiopia: urban violence continues Posted on July 2, 2020 by Europe correspondent Leave a comment Six people were injured on July 2 in slashes between Ethiopian security forces and mourners attempting to attend the funeral of Oromo singer and activist Haacaaluu Hundeessaa, whose assassination earlier this week sparked protests, causing violent death of at least 80 people. Change ). Late Haacaaluu’s songs were popluar among a generation of Oromo protesters whose three years of anti-government demonstrations finally forced the unprecedented resignation of the Prime minister, 2018, and the appointment of the Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed. The conflict in Ethiopia's Tigray region has cost hundreds of lives and sent tens of thousands of people fleeing to Sudan over the past three weeks. Fill in your details below or click an icon to log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account. ( Log Out /  Trafficking of Women 54 6.3. Oromo nationalists claim the city is part of their historic “homeland” and demand a final say over its governance. to violence – both criminality and youth participation in political violence and armed groups. for domestic violence, as well as state intervention strategies. By one count 239 people were killed, some murdered by mobs, others by security forces. 17. The UN has warned that ongoing violence in the country threatens citizens' security and their right to vote. Violence Against Women. “WE WERE BORN here, we grew up here, but now we live like beggars,” fumes Tsige Bule, gazing from a rain-splattered porch towards the grey and unfinished apartment block that looms over what remains of her family’s farmland. In recent months, some Oromo activists who initially supported Abiy have become more critical, accusing ignoring he legitimate interests of the Oromo people. Article 620 of the 2004 Criminal Code of Ethiopia, defines rape differently as compelled "sexual intercourse outside wedlock". The popular Oromo singer, 36, was shot dead in the capital Addis Ababa on June 29 by unknown gunmen and was laid to rest later at a church in Ambo, his home town about 100 km west of the capital. Telecommunication 51 Social Constraints to Women and Girls 53 6.1. In recent years towns and cities in southern Ethiopia, especially in Oromia, have been flashpoints for political and ethnic turmoil. ( Log Out /  VIOLENCE OF URBANIZATION, POOR NEIGHBOURHOODS AND LARGE-SCALE PROJECTS: LESSONS FROM ADDIS ABABA, ETHIOPIA BUILT ENVIRONMENT VOL 40 NO 3 419 symbolic violence in urban spaces. Change ), You are commenting using your Facebook account. So many grab lots of it, adding to the ranks of the landless and jobless. 15. Major Objectives 1. Women’s attitudes toward intimate partner violence in Ethiopia: The role of social norms in the interview context. There is a deep well of anger in the suburbs and countryside around the Ethiopian capital. A life of modest comfort teetered toward destitution. Ethiopia Ethnic violence in Ethiopia leaves deep wounds. The first is the 1995 constitution, which carved up territory along ethnic lines. [Read] H.E @AUC_MoussaFaki Chairperson of the African Union Commission appeals for calm in Ethiopia: https://t.co/HZYlmgfu4H#Ethiopia pic.twitter.com/gksWUQPJyO, — African Union (@_AfricanUnion) July 2, 2020. In July riots took place near Tsige’s home after the assassination of Hachalu Hundessa, a popular … Understand the environment of violence and insecurity for women in urban slums. In July riots took place near Tsige’s home after the assassination of Hachalu Hundessa, a popular musician and activist from the Oromo ethnic group. Rapid urban expansion, ongoing conflicts within Ethiopia and high levels of vulnerability to ongoing drought and seasonal floods continue to generate new displacements every year. ( Log Out /  Urban violence is regularly ascribed, not to cities or urbanization processes, even less to the gov-ernments who decide their progress, but to In the violence following the musician's killing in June, at least 166 people were killed. In the past decade the expanding city has inched ever closer to Tsige’s village. Change ), You are commenting using your Google account. Her sons dropped out of school to work as labourers on nearby building sites. For urban officials, leasing and administering high-value land is a source of revenue, rents and patronage. Ethiopia urban population for 2017 was 21,609,845, a 4.99% increase from 2016. As Ethiopia prepares for delayed elections some time next year, towns will be places to watch—and worry about. About 88 % of rural and 69 % of urban women believe that their husbands have the right to beat them. Urban Development and Construction 50 5.5. Ethiopia has one of the highest prevalence of both physical and sexual violence by their intimate partner. Most study conducted on violence against … All rights reserved. #BREAKING: #Ethiopia shuts down Internet services after protests linked to the killing of the prominent artist Hacalu Hundeesa erupted in parts of the capital #AddisAbaba. Much of their anger is also stoked by a fear that Abiy Ahmed, the prime minister, has reneged on promises he made in 2018 to end both authoritarian rule and the alleged marginalisation of Oromos. An UN analysis of several international studies suggests that domestic violence against women is most prevalent in Ethiopia. Sorry, your blog cannot share posts by email. 1 General Overview: Sexual and Gender based Violence- Ethiopia Gender power imbalance, prevalent gender inequalities, impunity and gender discrimination remain the root causes of sexual and gender based violence (SGBV) in Ethiopia2. ADDIS ABABA, Ethiopia — Weeks after receiving the Nobel Peace Prize, Prime Minister Abiy Ahmed is coming under harsh criticism over his silence in the face of … The threads that connect the carnage in Oromia with the plight of Tsige’s family are real, even if hard to see. About 68–81 % of women agree wife beating if husband has justify in at least one of specified situations in Ethiopia . The Oromo have long complained of exclusion from political process. under the Urban Assistance programme and the Out of Camp Policy. In Shashamene mobs went from door to door checking identity cards, which record ethnicity, before burning property belonging to Christians and non-Oromos. The hypothesis is that, without jobs, young people are prone to violence and pose a threat to society. Amharic-speakers are still perceived to control much of the urban economy. Six people were injured on July 2 in slashes between Ethiopian security forces and mourners attempting to attend the funeral of Oromo singer and activist Haacaaluu Hundeessaa, whose assassination earlier this week sparked protests, causing violent death of at least 80 people. “This land is ours but now it’s people from other places who are enjoying it.”, The growing perception is that towns with mixed populations are strongholds of Abiy’s Prosperity Party, which seeks to have no ethnic slant. “They have a plan to dominate the economy of this town,” frets a non-Oromo. In Ethiopia, community policing has been announced ofcially as a national program in 2005 E.C with the impetus to nullify crimes at lower tiers. Ethiopia, with the goal of informing the development of a pilot survey instrument to measure the prevalence and impact of GBI in selected urban slums of the same three cities. Here, we discuss only the violence perpetrated by men. Disentangling urban adolescents’ vulnerability to age- and gender-based violence through a capability lens in Ethiopia and Rwanda. But a closer look at the pattern of violence in certain places suggests that local factors such as who owns land and businesses may also have played a big part. Change ), You are commenting using your Twitter account. The edges of cities are often flashpoints of ethnic violence. The urban populace is divided and extremely hostile to the regime in power. Cannot load blog information at this time. The slain singer’s wife, Santu Demisew Diro, gave a short speech after mourners laid wreaths. In Ethiopia, all land is owned by the state. But ethnic violence in urban areas well removed from the border is rare, and all the more shocking for seemingly coming out of the blue. Despite considerable progress over the past two decades in advancing the visibility of the rights of children and adolescents to bodily integrity and a life free from violence, the transition from childhood … “…While the country mourns the loss Hachalu Hundesa, the Chairperson appeals for calm, restraint by all sides and calls on all Ethiopians to refrain from acts that could further escalate the current situation” reads the statement of the African Union Chairman H.E Moussa Faki Mahamat, who is monitoring the recent developments in Ethiopia closely, following the killing of Haacaalu Hundeessaa. This is particularly pronounced in the case of Addis Ababa, in which the constitution granted Oromia a “special interest”. Photo: Nathalie Bertrams/GAGE. The Graça Machel Trust is gravely concerned by, the ongoing violence in Ethiopia, Mozambique and Uganda. The singer’s killing sparked protests in Addis and surrounding Oromiya region, leading to violent clashes, which left behind more than 80 people killed. “It’s not fair,” says Beshadu Degife, who lives down the lane. While recognising that Ethnic violence erupted in Ethiopia after the killing of singer Hachalu Hundessa. Intimate partner violence (IPV) against women and food insecurity are an ever growing public health concerns in Ethiopia. The Chairperson calls on the Government of Ethiopia to bring the perpetrators of such heinous act to face justice and encourages all sides to resolve differences through dialogue and peaceful means in order to allow adequate efforts towards preventing and controlling the COVID-19 pandemic. The third chapter provides the international and African regional legal response, for domestic violence which is ratified by both Ethiopia and South Africa. Copyright © The Economist Newspaper Limited 2021. But similar conflicts fester elsewhere, sometimes turning violent, as in the eastern city of Harar, where a minority of ethnic Harari enjoyed political privileges at the expense of much larger Oromo and Amhara populations. Domestic violence is common in Ethiopia both urban and rural families. Of these women indicated that their status as mothers has made it difficult to break free group versus individual of... The international and African regional legal response, for domestic violence is common in Ethiopia, especially in,. Is a highly prevalent sexual health problem in Ethiopia, all land is owned by the state of. Factors in modern Ethiopian politics second chapter situates domestic violence in Ethiopia the slain singer ’ s highlands. A 4.9 % increase from 2018 ” says Tsige ’ s northern highlands who! Drc and Ethiopia largest ethnic group after the Oromo build public housing for residents of Addis Ababa were... Time next year, towns will be places to watch—and worry about, some murdered by,. And Rwanda adolescent Girls in DRC and Ethiopia Girls 53 6.1 Diro, gave a short speech after mourners wreaths! Intervention strategies to Log in: You are commenting using your WordPress.com account we have nothing inherit. After mourners laid wreaths particularly pronounced in the suburbs and countryside around the Ethiopian authorities confiscated almost of. Typically given to more prosperous city-dwellers is owned by the state have to... Country threatens citizens ' security and their right to vote with stones, cars and petrol stations were set.! To dominate the economy of this town, ” says Beshadu Degife, who lives the. Been growing reports of prevailing crimes in Jenila district of Harar city, the connection between two... Harar city the capital for domestic violence in the suburbs and countryside around the authorities. 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After the Oromo opposition movement Log Out / Change ), You are using..., rents and patronage to the ground behind three daughters, the capital both Ethiopia and Africa. Health problem in Ethiopia and South Africa widespread attacks on minorities, notably Amharas, the ethnic...

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