Among the carbonate melts, the class of alkali metal carbonates (Li 2 CO 3, Na 2 CO 3i and K 2 CO 3) and their mixtures are the most prominent.These melts are fairly stable in the temperature range of 400 to 1000°C, exhibit low vapor pressures, can be easily contained in common ceramic and alloy materials, and are environmentally safe. The solubility of sulphates in water decreases on moving down the group B e S O 4 and M g S O 4 are fairly soluble in water while B e S O 4 is completely insoluble. Properties of Sulphates of Alkali Earth Metals. Mg 2+ is a much smaller in size than Ba 2+ because it contains less protons and neutrons in its nucleus. They are generally water-soluble and heat-stable. This gives these metals some of the greatest electronegativity differences when forming bonds. The rule here is ions of similar size attract one another strongly, and thus do NOT dissociate or become soluble in solution. Alkali metals hydroxides are highly basic in nature. Carbonates: - The carbonates of alkali metals except lithium carbonate are stable towards heat. The solubility of carbonates increases down the group in alkali metals (except ) . Alkali metal sulphates are more soluble in water than alkaline earth metals. Alkali metals carbonates (M 2 CO 3) are Li 2 CO 3 → Li 2 O +CO 2 … The electron pair is so closely attracted to the electron acceptor that they are practically transferred to it. This is due to increases in lattice energy of sulphate down the group which predominates over hydration energy. You know only alkali metal carbonate compounds (except lithium carbonate) are soluble in water from metal carbonate compounds. The carbonates tend to become less soluble as you go down the Group. (c)Sulphate-thermal stability is good for both alkali and alkaline earth metals. Alkali metals exhibit +1 oxidation states in their compounds. Chemical properties of alkali metals: Alkali metals are highly reactive in nature. The solubility of carbonates decreases from Be to Ba. Solubility of the carbonates. As a result, larger cations form STRONGER bonds with larger anions (CO3 is considered a decent size anion). Sulphates. Hello! Alkali metals dissolve in liquid ammonia to form blue and conducting solution. As we know that for alkaline earth metals as we move down the group, the lattice enthalpy of carbonates remain approximately the same. The carbonates of alkaline earth metals and Lithium carbonate decompose on heating to form oxides with the evolution of CO2. Carbonates exist as solid and insoluble in water. Solubility: The solubility of the sulphates in water decreases down the groups i.e. Alkali metals hydroxides are very strong bases, highly soluble in water and are not decomposed on heating.However, LiOH decomposes on heating to give because latter is more stable than former. This being said, alkali metals comprise the least electronegative group in the entire periodic table . lithium carbonate: 1.29 g/100 ml of water at 25 0 C; Sodium carbonate: 16.4 g/100 ml of water at 15 0 C The sulphates of alkaline earth metals are all white solids. Alkali metals impart characteristic colours to the flame. Be > Mg > Ca > Sr > Ba. Ionic character and the thermal stability of the carbonates increases from Be to Ba. None of the carbonates is anything more than very sparingly soluble. Because the alkali metals are highly electropositive, their hydroxides are very strong bases, forming salts with all oxocids (H 2 SO 4, H 2 CO 3, HNO 3, H 3 PO 4 and HNO 2). Abstract. But carbonates of alkaline earth metals are insoluble in water. 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