Leptin is secreted by cells in adipose tissue and acts on the hypothalamus of the brain to inhibit appetite. Impulses caused by sound perception are transmitted to the brain via the auditory nerve. Ask questions; get answers. Helicase unwinds the double helix and separates the two strands by breaking hydrogen bonds. The blackboard footer will center if disclaimer is not being used and the background will be one color. Detritivores are heterotrophs that obtain organic nutrients from detritus by internal digestion. Structures in the middle ear transmit and amplify sound. Community structure can be strongly affected by keystone species. Light energy is converted to chemical energy in carbon compounds by photosynthesis. In aerobic cell respiration pyruvate is decarboxylated and oxidized, and converted into acetyl compound and attached to coenzyme A to form acetyl coenzyme A in the link reaction. Implantation of the blastocyst in the endometrium is essential for the continuation of pregnancy. The Malpighian tubule system in insects and the kidney carry out osmoregulation and removal of nitrogenous wastes. Assessment model IV. Other gases including methane and nitrogen oxides have less impact. The left cerebral hemisphere receives sensory input from sensory receptors in the right side of the body and the right side of the visual field in both eyes and vice versa for the right hemisphere. Autotrophs obtain inorganic nutrients from the abiotic environment. Species tend to produce more offspring than the environment can support. Sampling techniques are used to estimate population size. Biology standard level is in group 4, experimental sciences. The fluidity of membranes allows materials to be taken into cells by endocytosis or released by exocytosis. Every organism has unique molecules on the surface of its cells. Our team of PrepScholar admissions experts have compiled their knowledge into this single guide to planning out your high school course schedule. The ultrastructure of the glomerulus and Bowman's capsule facilitate ultrafiltration. Interphase is a very active phase of the cell cycle with many processes occurring in the nucleus and cytoplasm. BLASTn allows nucleotide sequence alignment while BLASTp allows protein alignment. Arteries convey blood at high pressure from the ventricles to the tissues of the body. The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 4+ ACT Points, How to Get a Perfect 36 ACT, by a Perfect Scorer. The Group 4: Experimental sciences subjects of the International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme comprise the main scientific emphasis of this internationally recognized high school programme. Cell respiration involves the oxidation and reduction of electron carriers. Learn what's covered in a AP Bio here. The information from the right field of vision from both eyes is sent to the left part of the visual cortex and vice versa. A developing neuron forms multiple synapses. Limiting factors can be top down or bottom up. For HL, there is 60 hours of material. Operant conditioning is a form of learning that consists of trial and error experiences. Most ecosystems rely on a supply of energy from sunlight. The breakdown of erythrocytes starts with phagocytosis of red blood cells by Kupffer cells. Ask below and we'll reply! Individuals that are better adapted tend to survive and produce more offspring while the less well adapted tend to die or produce fewer offspring. Rods and cones are photoreceptors located in the retina. Check out our complete guide to the SAT. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(360031, 'c8b8e502-c285-4182-9589-5f8ae230e78a', {}); One of the single most important parts of your college application is what classes you choose to take in high school (in conjunction with how well you do in those classes). Nitrogen-fixing bacteria convert atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia. Get the latest articles and test prep tips! We want to get you admitted to your dream schools. Check out our top-rated graduate blogs here: © PrepScholar 2013-2018. Enzymes lower the activation energy of the chemical reactions that they catalyse. The syllabus includes the basic principles and concepts that are fundamental to the subject, some current applications of biology, and a strong emphasis on practical skills. In a eukaryote species there are different chromosomes that carry different genes. PrepScholar Admissions is the world's best admissions consulting service. Organisation of the organism. Genetic modification is carried out by gene transfer between species. Gel electrophoresis is used to separate proteins or fragments of DNA according to size. We've overseen thousands of students get into their top choice schools, from state colleges to the Ivy League. ATP synthase in thylakoids generates ATP using the proton gradient. Availability of phosphate may become limiting to agriculture in the future. Unsaturated fatty acids can be cis or trans isomers. The DP curriculum review is a collaborative process that aims to produce excellent, internationally minded, research-based curriculums and support material that enable students to develop the attributes of the learner profile and the IB mission, thereby providing an … Microorganisms are used in industry because they are small and have a fast growth rate. Innate behaviour is inherited from parents and so develops independently of the environment. In aquatic ecosystems carbon is present as dissolved carbon dioxide and hydrogen carbonate ions. The structure of the chloroplast is adapted to its function in photosynthesis. Adaptations are characteristics that make an individual suited to its environment and way of life. Fermentation is carried out by batch or continuous culture. Epinephrine increases the heart rate to prepare for vigorous physical activity. Mutation, meiosis and sexual reproduction cause variation between individuals in a species. Metabolism, Cell Respiration and Photosynthesis (14 Hours), Topic 10. One diploid nucleus divides by meiosis to produce four haploid nuclei. Propagation of nerve impulses is the result of local currents that cause each successive part of the axon to reach the threshold potential. The structure of cells of the epithelium of the villi is adapted to the absorption of food. Nerve impulses are action potentials propagated along the axons of neurons. Flowering involves a change in gene expression in the shoot apex. Air is carried to the lungs in the trachea and bronchi and then to the alveoli in bronchioles. If you are looking at this syllabus, you're likely interested in taking the course or are currently enrolled in the course. Image Credit: International Baccalaureate Organization. The hypothalamus controls hormone secretion by the anterior and posterior lobes of the pituitary gland. An indicator species is an organism used to assess a specific environmental condition. Infection by a pathogen can be detected by the presence of its genetic material or by its antigens. Reduced NADP and ATP are produced in the light-dependent reactions. White cells release histamine in response to allergens. Villi increase the surface area of epithelium over which absorption is carried out. IB Courses 2020-2022 SUMMARY LANGUAGES Page Language A: Literature / Littérature 4-5 Language A: Language & Literature / Langue A : Langue et Littérature 6-7 Language B / Langue B 8-9 Languages ab initio (SL) French 10 HUMANITIES Global Politics 11 Geography 12 Economics 13 History / Histoire 14-15 SCIENCES Biology / Biologie 16-17 Chemistry 18 The early stages of meiosis involve pairing of homologous chromosomes and crossing over followed by condensation. Activated B cells multiply to form clones of plasma cells and memory cells. Changes to this syllabus for 2020, 2021 and 2022 41 Changes to this syllabus For information about changes to this syllabus for 2020, 2021 and 2022, go to page 41. Diseases and immunity. Viral vectors can be used in gene therapy. Antibodies aid the destruction of pathogens. Each myofibril is made up of contractile sarcomeres. Crossing over and random orientation promotes genetic variation. 0000019892 00000 n IB music higher level subject brief The IB Diploma Programme, for students aged 16 to 19, is an academically challenging and balanced programme of education that prepares students for success at university and life beyond. Learned behaviour can spread through a population or be lost from it more rapidly than innate behaviour. EST is an expressed sequence tag that can be used to identify potential genes. Differentiation involves the expression of some genes and not others in a cell's genome. HCG stimulates the ovary to secrete progesterone during early pregnancy. The heart beat is initiated by a group of specialized muscle cells in the right atrium called the sinoatrial node. Biological molecules. Cooperative aggregates of microorganisms can form biofilms. Vaccines contain antigens that trigger immunity but do not cause the disease. Incompressibility of water allows transport along hydrostatic pressure gradients. Crossing over produces new combinations of alleles on the chromosomes of the haploid cells. Selective breeding of domesticated animals shows that artificial selection can cause evolution. Phospholipids form bilayers in water due to the amphipathic properties of phospholipid molecules. Both IB Biology SL and HL consist of the same core requirements (95 hours). B lymphocytes are activated by T lymphocytes in mammals. Essential nutrients cannot be synthesized by the body, therefore they have to be included in the diet. Students are separated into groups and must conduct an experiment and write a report. 11. Databases allow scientists easy access to information. Different muscles are required for inspiration and expiration because muscles only do work when they contract. Richness and evenness are components of biodiversity. Homologous chromosomes carry the same sequence of genes but not necessarily the same alleles of those genes. PCR can be used to amplify small amounts of DNA. She is also passionate about acting, writing, and photography. Metabolites that indicate disease can be detected in blood and urine. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(360031, 'b8868328-25ad-4976-9f3f-6f24fa4b2b20', {}); As a part of the IB Biology class, you'll cover one additional subject from the options below. In this article, I will go over the topics covered in IB Biology Standard Level and IB Biology Higher Level, as well as the number of hours dedicated to each topic along with what the IB expects you to understand for each topic. Water molecules are polar and hydrogen bonds form between them. Probes are used to monitor conditions within fermenters. Some strains of bacteria have evolved with genes that confer resistance to antibiotics and some strains of bacteria have multiple resistance. She graduated magna cum laude and scored in the 99th percentile on the ACT. Movement of the body requires muscles to work in antagonistic pairs. This is the disclaimer text. Chi-squared tests are used to determine whether the difference between an observed and expected frequency distribution is statistically significant. A. The body of data stored in databases is increasing exponentially. During exercise the rate of ventilation changes in response to the amount of CO2 in the blood. Cladograms are tree diagrams that show the most probable sequence of divergence in clades. Chiasmata formation between non-sister chromatids can result in an exchange of alleles. Looking for more in-depth explorations of the topics mentioned on this syllabus? This site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Type I pneumocytes are extremely thin alveolar cells that are adapted to carry out gas exchange. Living organisms cannot convert heat to other forms of energy. The proximal convoluted tubule selectively reabsorbs useful substances by active transport. Particles move across membranes by simple diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis and active transport. ZIMSEC O ‘ Level Specimen Papers November 2021/2022. The autonomic nervous system controls involuntary processes in the body using centres located mainly in the brain stem. The menstrual cycle is controlled by negative and positive feedback mechanisms involving ovarian and pituitary hormones. Species have either an autotrophic or heterotrophic method of nutrition (a few species have both methods). The sequence and number of amino acids in the polypeptide is the primary structure. Eukaryotic cells modify mRNA after transcription. She loves watching students succeed and is committed to helping you get there. 1st Year Zoology (Non-Chordata and Protochordata) Syllabus, T.U. Grab all the latest updates like the session, syllabus, exam date, interview schedule, and other details here and download the IB Syllabus 2020 through the direct official link provided below. The receptor–hormone complex promotes the transcription of specific genes. Iron is carried to the bone marrow to produce hemoglobin in new red blood cells. JAMB Syllabus For Biology 2021/2022: Are you looking for the latest official JAMB Biology syllabus 2021/2022 PDF for download? The amino acid sequence of polypeptides is coded for by genes. Both IB Chemistry SL and HL cover the first 11 topics (a total of 95 hours), and HL additionally covers topics 12 to 21 (an additional 60 hours). PapaCambridge provides Cambridge IGCSE Biology (0610) past papers, notes, ebooks, slides and resources which includes teachers resource material and … Read our subject-specific articles on topics varying from the photosynthesis equation to homologous and analogous structures to cell biology (including cell theory, enzymes, and how the cell membrane and endoplasmic reticulum work). Bio. Light-independent reactions take place in the stroma. The two alleles of each gene separate into different haploid daughter nuclei during meiosis. Sequence alignment software allows comparison of sequences from different organisms. Mitosis and cell division in the shoot apex provide cells needed for extension of the stem and development of leaves. A gene on the Y chromosome causes embryonic gonads to develop as testes and secrete testosterone. Fertilization involves mechanisms that prevent polyspermy. Cambridge IGCSE Biology helps learners to understand the biological world in which they live and take an informed interest in science and scientific developments. Competitive exclusion and the absence of predators can lead to reduction in the numbers of endemic species when alien species become invasive. (Typically you don't choose, but rather your teacher does.) Population growth slows as a population reaches the carrying capacity of the environment. Conditions are maintained at optimal levels for the growth of the microorganisms being cultured. Sequence differences accumulate gradually so there is a positive correlation between the number of differences between two species and the time since they diverged from a common ancestor. Hydrogen bonding and dipolarity explain the cohesive, adhesive, thermal and solvent properties of water. International Baccalaureate (IB) Biology Syllabus (Core+Options), Topic 5. Immobilized enzymes are widely used in industry. Natural selection can change the frequency of observed animal behaviour. Multiple sequence alignment is used in the study of phylogenetics. The sinoatrial node sends out an electrical signal that stimulates contraction as it is propagated through the walls of the atria and then the walls of the ventricles. ATP from cell respiration is immediately available as a source of energy in the cell. What about the IB ACIO Selection Process? The adhesive property of water and evaporation generate tension forces in leaf cell walls. In the light-independent reactions a carboxylase catalyses the carboxylation of ribulose bisphosphate. The contraction of the skeletal muscle is achieved by the sliding of actin and myosin filaments. Immature neurons migrate to a final location. Energy is needed to produce carbohydrates and other carbon compounds from carbon dioxide. Veins collect blood at low pressure from the tissues of the body and return it to the atria of the heart. Download it for free now: hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(360031, '688715d6-bf92-47d7-8526-4c53d1f5fe7d', {}); hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(360031, '03a85984-6dfd-4a19-93c8-5f46091f5e2b', {}); As an SAT/ACT tutor, Dora has guided many students to test prep success. There is a separate circulation for the lungs. Transpiration is the inevitable consequence of gas exchange in the leaf. Free ribosomes synthesize proteins for use primarily within the cell. Energy released from carbon compounds by respiration is used in living organisms and converted to heat. Some prokaryotes also have plasmids but eukaryotes do not. B.Sc. Learn more about PrepScholar Admissions to maximize your chance of getting in. Recombinant DNA can be introduced by direct physical and chemical methods or indirectly by vectors. Ecosystems have the potential to be sustainable over long periods of time. Databases can be searched to compare newly identified sequences with sequences of known function in other organisms. For both levels, you'll also study one of the four options A-D (15 hours for SL, 25 hours for HL). The secondary structure is the formation of alpha helices and beta pleated sheets stabilized by hydrogen bonding. Estrogen and progesterone are secreted by the placenta once it has formed. Monosaccharide monomers are linked together by condensation reactions to form disaccharides and polysaccharide polymers. Prokaryotes have one chromosome consisting of a circular DNA molecule. Many genetic diseases in humans are due to recessive alleles of autosomal genes, although some genetic diseases are due to dominant or co-dominant alleles. Valves in veins and the heart ensure circulation of blood by preventing backflow. Peptide hormones bind to receptors in the plasma membrane of the target cell. The contraction of circular and longitudinal muscle of the small intestine mixes the food with enzymes and moves it along the gut. Peat forms when organic matter is not fully decomposed because of acidic and/or anaerobic conditions in waterlogged soils. Mitosis is division of the nucleus into two genetically identical daughter nuclei. The College Entrance Examination BoardTM does not endorse, nor is it affiliated in any way with the owner or any content of this site. Ethology is the study of animal behaviour in natural conditions. Methane is oxidized to carbon dioxide and water in the atmosphere. Calcium ions and the proteins tropomyosin and troponin control muscle contractions. IB Diploma Program The International Baccalaureate Diploma Programme is a comprehensive, rigorous program of advanced studies that demands the best from motivated students. Excited electrons from Photosystem II are used to contribute to generate a proton gradient. Prokaryotes have a simple cell structure without compartmentalization. biology syllabus last examination 2022 it gives teachers everything they need to teach the syllabus and save time including extensive lesson ideas outlines of practicals ... aged 14 16 including uk gcse cambridge igcser and ib myp the book should be used the complete biology for igcse teachers resource pack provides invaluable support for Learning is the acquisition of skill or knowledge. Spermatogenesis and oogenesis both involve mitosis, cell growth, two divisions of meiosis and differentiation. 2. YR 2 HL IB Biology (1A and 3A) Calendar Group 4 IB Biology Class of 2022 Internal Assessment (IA) Due Dates IA_Due_Dates_Class of 2022.doc 81.5 KB (Last Modified on May 19, 2020) The type of nitrogenous waste in animals is correlated with evolutionary history and habitat. To make it easier for teachers to understand what's required, we have: 1. updated the learning outcomes, clarifying the depth to which each topic should be taught. Check out our guide to finding your target school. A gene occupies a specific position on a chromosome. Orientation of pairs of homologous chromosomes prior to separation is random. Some neurotransmitters excite nerve impulses in postsynaptic neurons and others inhibit them. Microorganisms are used in bioremediation. They consist of 60 hours of study. When presynaptic neurons are depolarized they release a neurotransmitter into the synapse. A protein may consist of a single polypeptide or more than one polypeptide linked together. 3. ibresources.org is a student-led initiative to list and rank the top online resources and websites for International Baccalaureate (IB) students. The target gene is linked to other sequences that control its expression. Movement in and out of cells. 4. Transfer of excited electrons occurs between carriers in thylakoid membranes. Raised hydrostatic pressure causes the contents of the phloem to flow towards sinks. The liver removes toxins from the blood and detoxifies them. The International Baccalaureate aims to develop inquiring, knowledgeable and caring young people who ... Syllabus 20 Syllabus outline 20 Approaches to the teaching and learning of biology 21 Syllabus content 25 Assessment 142 Assessment in the Diploma Programme 142 Assessment outline—SL 144 Assessment outline—HL 145 Endocrine glands secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream. Not sure where you want to go to college? Carbon dioxide diffuses from the atmosphere or water into autotrophs. Introduced alien species can escape into local ecosystems and become invasive. Consumers are heterotrophs that feed on living organisms by ingestion. Plants transport water from the roots to the leaves to replace losses from transpiration. Gene expression is regulated by proteins that bind to specific base sequences in DNA. Animals are either osmoregulators or osmoconformers. I. Human nutrition. The IB Biology syllabus is a list of all the content understandings (U) , applications (A) and skills (S) that the IB Organization mandates are taught throughout the two years of the IB Biology higher level course. Marker genes are used to indicate successful uptake. The principal taxa for classifying eukaryotes are kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus and species. The myelination of nerve fibres allows for saltatory conduction. A. Metabolic pathways can be controlled by end-product inhibition. Production of antibodies by lymphocytes in response to particular pathogens gives specific immunity. B.Sc. Leaching of mineral nutrients from agricultural land into rivers causes eutrophication and leads to increased biochemical oxygen demand. The fossil record provides evidence for evolution. The genome is the whole of the genetic information of an organism. Gametes are haploid so contain only one allele of each gene. Capillaries have permeable walls that allow exchange of materials between cells in the tissue and the blood in the capillary. Antibiotics block processes that occur in prokaryotic cells but not in eukaryotic cells. The rate of transit of materials through the large intestine is positively correlated with their fibre content. The number of chromosomes is a characteristic feature of members of a species. Neurons are initially produced by differentiation in the neural tube. Rhizobium associates with roots in a mutualistic relationship. The percentage of ingested energy converted to biomass is dependent on the respiration rate. Components of red blood cells are recycled by the liver. Glycolysis gives a small net gain of ATP without the use of oxygen. Plants transport organic compounds from sources to sinks. Here candidates can get updates, admit cards, and other important details regarding IB Syllabus 2020. Microorganisms in biofilms cooperate through quorum sensing. Want to improve your SAT score by 160 points or your ACT score by 4 points? Surface area to volume ratio is important in the limitation of cell size. Taxonomists classify species using a hierarchy of taxa. Q. (Yep, that includes IB Biology SL/HL exams, too.) The 5 Strategies You Must Be Using to Improve 160+ SAT Points, How to Get a Perfect 1600, by a Perfect Scorer, Free Complete Official SAT Practice Tests. Natural selection increases the frequency of characteristics that make individuals better adapted and decreases the frequency of other characteristics leading to changes within the species. The halving of the chromosome number allows a sexual life cycle with fusion of gametes. Bipolar cells send the impulses from rods and cones to ganglion cells. The environment of a cell and of an organism has an impact on gene expression. Changes to this syllabus For information about changes to this syllabus for 2020 and 2021, go to page 58. Many plant species and some animal species have natural methods of cloning. A nerve impulse is only initiated if the threshold potential is reached. The IB is a rigorous curriculum, where students strive to be 21st century learners. Genetics and Evolution (8 Hours), Option A. Neurobiology and Behaviour (15 Hours for SL and 25 hours for HL), Option B. A gene is a heritable factor that consists of a length of DNA and influences a specific characteristic. Two species cannot survive indefinitely in the same habitat if their niches are identical. Lab work in class counts towards these hours, A lab project along with a report that counts as 20% of your IB exam scores (written exam counts for the other 80%). Microorganisms are metabolically diverse. The cascade results in the rapid conversion of fibrinogen to fibrin by thrombin. For first examination from 2022, these resources meet the real needs of the biology classroom. The switch to flowering is a response to the length of light and dark periods in many plants. Aerobic cell respiration requires oxygen and gives a large yield of ATP from glucose. Processes in spermatogenesis and oogenesis result in different numbers of gametes with different amounts of cytoplasm. Arteries have muscle cells and elastic fibres in their walls. Water allows transport along hydrostatic pressure gradients brain by either increasing or decreasing postsynaptic transmission getting in the cohesive adhesive! Chloroplast DNA a food web shows all the species that have evolved from different ancestral species, sciences. Are action potentials propagated along the gut or chloroplast DNA chromatids can result in an population! 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