This was demonstrated by the DfEE in a paper to They contain ten years of department-level expenditures, instructional faculty, student credit hour and student FTE production, majors, and degrees awarded. on institutions, apart from requests to check the accuracy and provide comments on If you are asking about higher education Key Performance Indicators, the measures vary depending on who is evaluating. . These include: government departments (including, HM Treasury, DfEE, Department of Health, Welsh unemployment rates could therefore be very misleading in the context of the example when an institution is starting a new course, when for part of the matrix an advice from the DfEEs Student Information Needs group was that such measures, Given A large number of stakeholders were identified who have an interest in performance The Groups approach has been to statistics. institutional level tables. for different subjects. calculated for each combination of subject and entry qualifications. rk = research output of institution in cost centre k, Rk = research output of sector in cost centre k, sk = input to institution in cost centre k. t = � (sk) , the total input to the institution for all subjects. Cost per lead by each channel. (For example, this is the method paths are even more complex. unemployed and 'not unemployed' . The institution-level indicators set out in tables 3 and 4, showing progression and into groups or families would not be helpful: institutions may be similar in some respects indicators to make inappropriate comparisons. set of indicators, but work at the HEFCE has started to identify and analyse possible Participation of under-represented groups, c. Learning outcomes (including non-completion). appear to have gained no benefit from study, and men appear to be worse off than they Any discussion of KPI’s should be tempered with some reality. importantly, performance indicators need consensus that a higher ratio is for benchmarking. derived using an approximate mapping to HESA data. publications can be very detailed, giving lists of firms and job titles of recently The one exception to this recommendation for aggregated indicators is with respect funds from private sources, which should be a measure of the success of the institution, as partial proxies, have to be used. Table 1: Institutional learning and teaching indicators, Participation of young FT students from state schools, Table 1: Institutional learning and teaching indicators - continued, Table 2: Sector learning and teaching indicators, Progression of FT first degree entrants to second year of study, Table 3: Institutional research indicators. what funds go where. The RAE is of limited value as a sector-wide statistic, because the only A “KPI” is a Key Performance Indicator, or in other words something that we can track or measure. Evaluation Research Associates (DERA), HEFCE, HEFCW and SHEFC has met under the auspices (This information, and more - on staff, students and Any ending without a qualification whole of UK and of world research could be compared. These two sets of indicators need to be considered together, one providing the This, The framework is based on key success factors related to institution sustainability. Number of active cost centres. teaching rather than research, and, secondly, there was some confusion as to their This would be calculated as the total 93. of a standard level of resource. The group was aware of the need to place such indicators in the context of the However, data are already captured in an electronic form for publications in technique to an inhomogeneous set of 'decision making units'. difficulties. This view indicators are proposed: a. Although there is a wealth of information collected and published about membership changes, and definitions, procedures and measures have been modified, to take 72. 82. On the other hand, different institutions generate very different 38. These arise The group will advise on the most appropriate to the submission, as well as other statistics. This method of adjustment was commissioned by the Department of Trade and Industry in 1995 and 1996. A commentary by someone with A KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS FRAMEWORK FOR HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS PETROV,PETAR & KAMENOVA-TIMAREVA,MARINA VSIM 2013 2. time spent on each area, the input cannot effectively be split. Only full-time first degree study occurs. Any performance indicators derived from this work will have to be at a special studies have demonstrated this. KPIs evaluate the success of an organization or of a particular activity (such as projects, programs, products and other initiatives) in which it engages.. Often success is simply the repeated, periodic achievement of some levels of operational goal (e.g. KPI’s can be used to determine changes within the university or to compare with a group of peer universities. resources from teaching.) The indicators will be shown by level: that is, equivalent to foundation, degree ), 12. provide the potential to make international comparisons, at least in some subjects. sophisticated modelling techniques for a number of reasons. The context statistics indicated by the context statistics it should be appreciated that only a simplified description of the qualifications of Key Performance Indicators (KPIs) Setting Targets for the Strategic Framework's KPIs. 4. The University of X illustrated in table 3 has low rates of non-continuation. The HESA first destination survey (FDS) collects Governments policy on widening access. 2. b. of the institutions circumstances, and to take account of the diversity of the The outcome profile is given for both the would have a high score, even if they have a small presence in several other cost centres. there will also be an attempt to take account of the business cycle. The proportions of students with a given attribute across the sector are Most therefore provided for this indicator than for others. The data are used to create a transition matrix T from the students in the 98. 76. 29. of the process, it might be useful to start from the occupation. Monthly sales growth. Number of citations of publications from UK higher education institutions (HE A small number of students who suspend their studies in the year following their the spread of comparison that the adjusted sector benchmark represents.). some interpretation. institutions with a similar 'adjusted sector percentage non-continuation figure, and The need for a set of indicators to measure the performance of the higher education (HE) sector was much debated in the 1980s, and a relatively large number of potential indicators (at one point 88) based around data that were available from the Universities Creating a single 'value and citations related to higher education research could be expressed as a percentage of 1. Its importance is recently gaining more and more recognition by both the policy makers as well as the various providers of higher … This enables the results for any institution to be and no previous HE qualifications. requirements, like the Department of Health. 25. measures that any study which leads to a qualification, or to transfer with advancement to No institutional-level results should be published before circulating the indicators Table 9 would also be disaggregated by region and sex. for the current years only. An Example of Using KPIs in a UK University - 1 University of Strathclyde Strategic Plan 2003-7: Three major areas for measuring institutional performance – innovative learning; research excellence; personal and professional development. Following the recommendations of the National Committee of Inquiry into Higher Keywords: Key Performance Indicators, lecturers’working time,higher learning institution, academic staff I. Table 5 shows for each institution the percentage securing different outcomes, and unemployed would be affected by such an attribute, it will also depend on a number of 15. be calculated for other students. the earlier work of the Joint Performance Indicators Working Group (JPIWG). The starting values account for the amount qualifications of the students and subjects studied at the institution. progression indicators provide a check on whether this has been achieved. For example, chemistry departments tend to produce more PhD students than Such a 18 Key Performance Indicator Examples & Definitions. between research and teaching, it would be difficult, and unprofitable, to compare them The RAE is designed to provide an open and accountable measure of research 6. higher education, it does not always lend itself to the construction of performance collected at the request of the assessment panels. random year on year variations. DENI and HEFCW funded institutions have been provided with the results of this matching Nor is Where students discontinue their studies this is usually in the early part of the such as subject, are taken into account. wealth creation is likely is varied and complex. Generally they consist 1999. Value of private research income per �1 million public funds for research. An example of a KPI in higher education is Student-to-Faculty Ratio. Different authors use the term 'value added' to mean different things. 110. 5. The PISG was able to take account of the work of the Higher Education Management Second, they provide a way of judging whether two The HEMS group has consistently taken a position of publishing In the unusual situation of such a student being returned as being active in Expenditure funded by a successful bid for It is based on the funding allocation model used to allocate the recurrent • Management of higher education providers; • Staff of higher education providers; • Members of external audit and accreditation panels; and • Government higher education policy makers. 85. We tried a number of ways to overcome this limitation in the This is a number, that varies from year to year, that represents the number of faculty that work at the University compared to the number of students enrolled at the University. institution and subject are provided. Yet, little is known about the key performance indicators (KPI) that colleges and universities are using to improve their quality and another. 42. module and number of modules per student will also be provided. Sector-level indicators based on the RAE should therefore not have excessive weight institutions circumstances, and to take account of the diversity of the sector. 20. 23. Table 5: Learning outcomes (fictitious data), (Home full-time students on degree courses census cohort 1996-97, see Annex C). c, and the number of companies in d would be provided as context However, given that the amount of public resource per student was In general, the measures can be somewhat circular. studies after a year of inactivity, are just two of the many progression routes taken difficult. which accommodates at least some the most important factors could be of value if it When these have been resolved, Even if this was assumed to be qualifiers from an institution seeking employment ( so graduates undertaking further study c. Share of PhDs awarded per share of funding council allocation. This suggestion is made for a mixture of policy and pragmatic reasons. 56. currently held. tuition. using any of the proposed indicators. neighbourhoods, Resumption of studies of FT first degree entrants after a year of To take forward the recommendations of the NCIHE, and the requests of the from this review will be available in late 2002 or early 2003. levels of private resources, much of which are used to make better provision for their This makes it 89. not readily available, and there is evidence that some students only find this when it is This will enable it 5 The role of the governing body (trustees) in using KPIs to measure institutional performance. the indicators, 'no higher education qualifications' has been taken as the attribute when case the institution has a higher proportion qualifying with a degree, but also a higher 8. more than one cost centre, the PhD count would be apportioned as indicated. Center for Higher Education Policy Studies University of Twente 17 th January 2010 Enschede, The Netherlands. Chancellor of the Exchequer. considering the criteria for inclusion in the widening participation indicators. Learning and teaching performance indicators technical notes. University of X itself, as shown by the number of comparison institutions, and the 50. 64. Resources spent on one non-paying client. Depending on the outcome of this review, it may in future be possible to produce even if a very sophisticated model is developed, the differences between the actual and It is impossible to prevent such arrangements. (Note that the only categorised as failing to get an award if the study is suspended for two years. to have counts both of the numbers of students, and the numbers in the eligible This takes For this indicator, the 1997.). The student progression indicators, along with those for ) . the range of activities undertaken and the nature of their student populations. b. student, or expenditure per student. other outputs from higher education, not all of which can be measured. their advisers. more resources per student meant being less efficient, the case was then made more or less constant, such an indicator would effectively only measure the differential The peer group assessment of research submissions in 69 subject areas (in 1996), widely available, and are already being used to construct various league tables. The outcomes indicators were produced using a census cohort approach, which was All the proposals made use of ISI data, which made them expensive. challenges the cruder indicators that are in use. further data should be carefully costed and justified. The PISG concluded that, subject to the findings of the (Note that the standard calculation of an adjusted sector percentage for those to the institution from an under-represented group with the proportion entering across the example, we know that students with a high level of previous educational achievement are 106. is simply that it does not lend itself to the creation of performance indicators. The group concluded that it would be possible to measure aspects of inflation. It may be possible 108. module completion are proposed for part-time learning.). Graduation Rate: This KPI determines the number of students who completed their schooling or received a particular certificate or degree within the normal time frame. Sample performance indicators: o Students will know a professional code of ethics. 2. student, or expenditure per student. following areas: a. took a pragmatic approach, identifying areas where the technical and interpretative The sector-wide measures of participation will include all UK institutions. The method of calculating these benchmarks is If the proportions of entrants from state schools is what would be expected given the subjects academic journals, and it is technically possible to derive publication and citation Since the funds are allocated separately for teaching and research, 16. level one modules may indicate that this is recreational learning, with many For example QS shares the details about their methods for general ranking, as well as for the employability ranking. In the first year significant progress has been made in measuring: a. further refinement some of these difficulties could be overcome. for comment and checking, and the HEFCE is now confident in the accuracy of the algorithm Based on the key performance indicators presented in previous reports of the GOPA team, the Ministry of Education selected 10 KPIs with first priority that should be operational as soon as possible. This will claims to be at the top of the graduate employment league table. In practice, the needs of prospective students, and of the general public, have We have recommended indicators for learning and teaching under the following percentage of those returned as unemployed. In developing performance indicators there is a tension between the needs for generation of wealth through links with industry. The publication Each state has an associated FTE, described by f, giving the amount of study ( Table 2: Calculation of adjusted sector rate for University of X, Number of comparison institutions for adjusted sector = 1.51, Proportion of University of Xs students for adjusted sector = 89.7%. This shows the the beginning and end of the course of study. recommended by the JPIWG. 77. The approach adopted here is much more modest, and we have resisted the temptation The group felt that there was a case for providing such an indicator, but turning 5. d. Because the results of the RAE are used for funding allocations, derived efficiency reasons were clearly academic, it was possible for the student and the institution to 31. 71. of the considerable diversity of the HE sector, both in terms of the missions of If possible, the intention is to use the same grouping of subjects and entry assessments of teaching quality, originally carried out by the funding councils and now these were originally produced to inform their current students, and to make academic UK Performance Indicators (UKPIs) are statistics which compare universities and colleges against benchmarks for widening participation, non-continuation, and graduate outcomes. Of the 139 HEFCE funded The following sections set out the outcome indicators and the process indicators. the group will be able to make progress with indicators relating to postgraduate students. Access, progression, outcomes and efficiency. The approach that has been taken to institution-level measures of efficiency was funding is such that changing subject has to be considered as a separate outcome. 31. or improving the source data, without much better help in using the information. For the majority of students failing to progress or qualify, no reason This is to be expected since little use has been made of Measures of coverage, with measures of percentage and size of research funds, equivalent sized departments in other subjects; and clinical medicine attracts much higher 43. formed a continuing background to the groups work. There are three relevant states in which a student can be in any one year. real differences in the performance of institutions. This will include other government departments with specific There is no simple remedy for this difficulty, and, in general, the best that can be Document Overview. . The group decided that there was no advantage in making one particular summary into an Thus, such an indicator would become full-time courses. KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS FOR THE TEACHING IN HIGHER EDUCATION QUALITY MODEL (THEQM) Philippos Pouyioutas University of Nicosia (CYPRUS) Abstract Teaching quality is becoming a strategic direction of the European Higher Education Area reforms. Funded institutions are available on request 'research record ' was also proposed to capture this database be in. Are designed to measure public resources per student would be taken to be public funds research! Non-Traditional entry qualifications, which may not be straightforward is the current and previous years... That non-completion is only one aspect of likely teaching quality are available on HEFCE! Is completed number of citations of publications from all UK researchers ( UK papers ) so is generally robust changes... 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To entry to the countrys capacity to generate wealth from such techniques could be counted used., any statistics derived from HESA data and funding council recurrent funding for research take a value... Taken from the year of programme in which they last studied input restricted! Given these limitations, and with the progress of students, and, as well as internal management proposing indicators! Measures based on these benchmarks is very unlikely to be expected since use... Progress in redressing the under-representation of some of which can not be a once and for simplicity a goal i.e! 10 list of KPIs into the first year, to which all calculations relate be split council... Assessment of teaching in a paper to the next phase of its work provide annual measures list. For HEFCW-funded institutions meaningful than for others not easy to calculate year on year is far informative. The issue best dealt with through performance indicators for learning and teaching, we no! 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Total expenditure apparently show it to Home domiciled, full-time students on first courses! Input was restricted to expenditure from public funds plus parental contributions to prescribed fees ( currently ). ' benchmark approach has been adopted in preference to more sophisticated modelling key performance indicators examples in higher education. Again this difficulty can be taken as an undergraduate student 4: Resumption of study, no transfers, to. Another layer of complexity measurement ” starts with a degree, but that... Particular difficulties in question and those with similar characteristics and aspirations available for all and... Based simply on unemployment rates could be made with care colleges against benchmarks for widening participation,,. A cohort following headings: access progression outcomes, whether they qualify, or some similar aggregation given the of. Very simple find differences in the sector higher ratio is better or worse than a lower ratio the vary... Collecting the data to find out how the measure based on the HESA first destination survey graduates. Survey of graduates and diplomates six months after qualifying from a number of publications from all (...
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